Area:

Total: 437,072 sq km
Land: 432,162 sq km
Water: 4,910 sq km

Climate:

Mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq.

Natural Resources:

Petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur

Population:

26,074,906 (July 2005 estimate)

Ethnic Groups

Arab 75%-80%; Kurdish 15%-20%; Turkoman, Assyrian or other 5%

Religions:

Muslim 97% (Shi'a 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Christian or other 3%

Languages:

Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian, Armenian

GDP:

Purchasing power parity - $89.8 billion (2004 estimate)

GDP per Capita:

Purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2004 estimate)

GDP Composition by Sector:

Agriculture: 13.6%, Industry: 58.6%, Services: 27.8% (2004 estimate)

Agricultural Products:
Wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep, poultry

Industries:

Petroleum, chemicals, textiles, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing

Oil Production:

2.25 million bbl/day (2004 estimate); note - prewar production (in 2002) was 2.03 million bbl/day (2004 estimate)

Export Commodities:

Crude oil (83.9%), crude materials excluding fuels (8.0%), food and live animals (5.0%)

Economic Aid recipient:

More than $33 billion in foreign aid pledged for 2004-07 (2004)

Currency:

New Iraqi dinar (NID) as of 22 January 2004